Question: what makes some parasitic plants be specific to a certain host

Michael Kimwele answered on 21 Jul 2025:

Some parasitic plants are specific to certain hosts due to a combination of biochemical compatibility, host recognition mechanisms, and ecological factors. These plants often rely on specific chemical signals—such as root exudates or volatile compounds—emitted by their preferred hosts to trigger germination, haustorium formation, or attachment. Additionally, the structure and physiology of the host plant, including its vascular system and immune responses, may allow or prevent successful parasitism. Over time, co-evolution between the parasite and its host can lead to a high degree of specialization, making the parasitic plant dependent on a narrow range of hosts for survival.